Some establishments in Mumbai may be closed due to the occasion of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Jayanti
Shivaji was descended from a line of prominent nobles. India at the time of his birth, in 1630, was under Muslim rule: the Mughals in the north and the Muslim sultans of Bijapur and Golconda in the south. All three ruled by right of conquest, with no pretense that they had any obligations toward those who they ruled. Shivaji, whose ancestral estates were situated in the Deccan, in the realm of the Bijapur sultans, found the Muslim oppression and religious persecution of the Hindus so intolerable that, by the time he was 16, he convinced himself that he was the divinely appointed instrument of the cause of Hindu freedom. This conviction was to sustain him throughout his life.
Who Was Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj?
Chhatrapati Shivaji Bhosale (1630–1680 C.E.) was a legendary Maratha king who established the Maratha Empire, defying the Mughal rule and laying the foundation for a sovereign Hindu kingdom. Born to Shahaji Bhosale and Jijabai near Junnar in Pune, Maharashtra, Shivaji is remembered for his military strategy, governance, and vision of Swarajya (self-rule).
Shivaji’s father, Shahaji Bhonsle, was a Maratha general who served the Deccan Sultanate. His mother was Jijabai, the daughter of Lakhuji Jadhavrao of Sindhkhed, a Mughal-aligned sardar claiming descent from a Yadav royal family of Devagiri.
Shivaji Maharaj’s work and feats
- Establishment of Swarajya – Determined to establish an independent Maratha Empire from the tyrannical rule of the then Mughals, Adilshahi and Nizamshahi and established Swarajya.
- Guerrilla warfare strategy – Using fast movements and agile warfare (Guerrilla warfare), he defeated large enemies.
- Importance of forts – He conquered and built more than 150 forts, such as Rajgad, Raigad, Pratapgad, Sinhagad etc.
- Hindu Swarajya and religious tolerance – Shivaji Maharaj established Hindu Swarajya and gave equal justice to Muslims, Rajputs, and tribal communities.
- Well-organized Navy – He established the first indigenous navy in India for coastal defense. He built water forts like Vijaydurg and Sindhudurg.
- Chhatrapati Padabhishek (1674) – He was crowned as Chhatrapati at Raigad Fort on 6 June 1674, establishing an independent Maratha Empire.
- Shivaji Maharaj and the Mughals – He defeated Aurangzeb several times and gave a bitter challenge to his tyrannical rule.
Death and Legacy of Shivaji Maharaj
He died at Raigad Fort on 3 April 1680, but his Swarajya continued to grow, and later under the leadership of the Peshwas, the Maratha Empire spread across India.
Why is Shivaji Maharaj’s contribution important?
- His policies were based on democratic principles.
- He created a system that provided justice to the working class, farmers, and the common people.
- He inspired the Indian freedom struggle and was considered a role model by many revolutionaries, including Swatantraveer Savarkar.
Rahul Gandhi On Shivaji Maharaj
Congress leader Rahul Gandhi has sparked a controversy after he paid ‘Shraddhanjali’ on the birth anniversary of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. BJP MLA Atul Bhatkhalkar has criticized Gandhi for using the word ‘Shraddhanjali’ instead of ‘Adaranjali’, the Times of India reported. Bhatkhalkar called the act an insult to the pride of Maharashtra and demanded that Gandhi immediately withdraw his post or face legal action.
Responding to these allegations, Congress state spokesperson Atul Londhe has pointed out that Prime Minister Narendra Modi has also used the word ‘Shraddhanjali’ in the past. Londhe has accused the BJP of failing to honor the legacy of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, citing the statue accident in Malvan and the lack of progress on the project of the memorial in the Arabian Sea.
The controversy has heated up the political atmosphere, with both parties accusing each other of insulting the legacy of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
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