Latest CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Notes And Important Question Chapter 11 Psychology and Sports

December 21, 2024 ,

CBSE Physical Education Class 12 Notes Chapter 11 Psychology and Sports

CBSE Physical Education Class 12 Notes Chapter 11: Psychology and Sports

Introduction to Sports Psychology

Sports psychology is the study of mental and emotional factors that affect performance in sports and physical activity. It explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical performance, aiming to enhance athletic performance through mental techniques.

Key Concepts in Sports Psychology

  1. Motivation:

    • Definition: Motivation is the internal drive that guides and directs behavior towards a goal.
    • Types of Motivation:
      • Intrinsic Motivation: Motivation that comes from within, such as the enjoyment of playing a sport.
      • Extrinsic Motivation: Motivation driven by external rewards, such as trophies, medals, or money.

  2. Personality:

    • Definition: Personality refers to individual characteristics that affect behavior, such as attitudes, temperament, and approach to challenges.
    • Types of Personality in Sports:
      • Type A Personality: Highly competitive, aggressive, and goal-oriented.
      • Type B Personality: Relaxed, calm, and less competitive.

  3. Aggression:

    • Definition: Aggression in sports refers to behavior aimed at harming or injuring an opponent, either physically or psychologically.
    • Types of Aggression:
      • Hostile Aggression: Motivated by anger with the intent to harm.
      • Instrumental Aggression: Goal-oriented aggression, used to achieve a specific outcome (e.g., scoring a point).

  4. Stress and Anxiety:

    • Stress: The physical and mental reaction to external pressures or demands.
    • Anxiety: A feeling of worry or nervousness about an uncertain outcome.
    • Types of Stress:
      • Eustress: Positive stress that motivates an individual to perform well.
      • Distress: Negative stress that can hinder performance.

Psychological Skills Training (PST)

Psychological skills training involves developing mental techniques to improve sports performance and handle competitive pressure. The key techniques are:

  1. Visualization (Imagery):

    • Athletes mentally visualize successful performance, helping them rehearse techniques and improve focus.

  2. Self-Talk:

    • Positive self-talk is used to counter negative thoughts and maintain motivation during competition.

  3. Relaxation Techniques:

    • Methods like deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation help athletes reduce stress and anxiety.

  4. Goal Setting:

    • Setting clear and measurable goals helps athletes stay focused, motivated, and committed to improvement.

Motivation in Sports

  1. Intrinsic Motivation in Sports:
    • Intrinsic motivation comes from within, such as the joy of playing or the desire to improve. It is more effective for long-term commitment.
  2. Extrinsic Motivation in Sports:
    • Rewards like medals, trophies, money, or recognition drive athletes to perform well. However, this type of motivation might not sustain an athlete's long-term interest in the sport.

Psychological Factors Affecting Performance

  1. Confidence:

    • Confidence is a belief in one's abilities. It plays a crucial role in performance, as athletes with high confidence are more likely to succeed.

  2. Concentration and Focus:

    • The ability to concentrate and focus on the task at hand is vital for optimal performance. Distractions can affect an athlete’s concentration and hinder performance.

  3. Emotions and Mood:

    • Emotions, both positive (joy, excitement) and negative (anger, frustration), can significantly influence an athlete’s performance. Managing emotions is crucial in high-pressure situations.

Psychological Preparation for Competition

  1. Pre-competition Routine:

    • Athletes often have a set routine to help them mentally prepare for competition, which may include warm-ups, visualization, self-talk, and goal setting.

  2. Mental Toughness:

    • Mental toughness refers to an athlete’s ability to stay focused, perform under pressure, and bounce back from setbacks.

Role of a Sports Psychologist

A sports psychologist works with athletes to help them improve mental skills, overcome psychological barriers, and enhance performance. They assist in:

  • Developing coping strategies for stress and anxiety.
  • Improving focus and concentration.
  • Building mental resilience.
  • Handling the psychological aspects of injury rehabilitation.

Psychological Effects of Physical Activity

  1. Improved Mental Health:

    • Regular physical activity helps reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, promoting overall well-being.

  2. Increased Self-Esteem:

    • Participating in sports helps build self-confidence and self-worth, which can have a positive impact on a person's mental health.

  3. Better Cognitive Functioning:

    • Physical exercise improves brain function, memory, and learning, which are beneficial both in sports and everyday life.

Summary of Key Points

  • Psychology and Sports focus on the mental aspects of athletic performance.
  • Motivation, personality, aggression, stress, and anxiety are key psychological factors affecting performance.
  • Psychological Skills Training (PST), including techniques like visualization, self-talk, and relaxation, enhances sports performance.
  • Sports psychologists help athletes manage mental barriers and improve mental toughness.
  • Mental preparation is as important as physical training in achieving peak performance in sports.

These notes cover the essential aspects of Psychology and Sports for Class 12 Physical Education and provide an overview of the psychological factors that impact sports performance.


CBSE NCERT Physical Education Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 11 Psychology and Sports

CBSE NCERT Physical Education Class 12 Important Questions Chapter 11: Psychology and Sports

Here are some of the important questions for Chapter 11: Psychology and Sports for CBSE Class 12 Physical Education:

Short Answer Type Questions

  1. What is motivation in sports?
    • Discuss the two types of motivation in sports: intrinsic and extrinsic.
  2. Define personality in sports. How does it affect sports performance?
    • Explain the different types of personalities found in athletes, such as Type A and Type B.
  3. What is aggression in sports?
    • Explain the difference between hostile aggression and instrumental aggression.
  4. What are the various types of stress?
    • Define eustress and distress and explain their impact on sports performance.
  5. Explain the concept of psychological skills training (PST).
    • What are the various techniques involved in PST to enhance sports performance?

Long Answer Type Questions

  1. Explain the role of a sports psychologist in improving performance.

    • Discuss the various techniques used by sports psychologists to help athletes overcome mental barriers and improve focus.

  2. Describe the importance of goal setting in sports.

    • Explain how goal setting contributes to an athlete’s motivation, performance, and mental preparation.

  3. Discuss the impact of self-talk on sports performance.

    • How can positive self-talk improve an athlete’s concentration and confidence?

  4. What is the significance of concentration in sports?

    • Explain the relationship between concentration and performance, and discuss techniques to improve concentration.

  5. Discuss the psychological factors that affect performance in sports.

    • Include factors like confidence, concentration, emotions, and mood in your answer.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

  1. What is intrinsic motivation?
  2. What is the difference between eustress and distress?
  3. Name two types of aggression in sports.
  4. What is visualization in sports psychology?
  5. What is self-esteem in the context of sports?

Application-Based Questions

  1. How can an athlete overcome performance anxiety before a competition?
  • Discuss relaxation techniques and other psychological tools that can be used to reduce anxiety.

  1. How can an athlete use mental toughness to improve their performance under pressure?

  2. Explain how sports psychologists help athletes with post-injury rehabilitation.

    • Discuss the role of sports psychologists in emotional recovery and dealing with frustration or stress after an injury.

Extra Notes on Important Topics:

  • Motivation: Intrinsic motivation comes from within the athlete (e.g., enjoyment of the sport), while extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards (e.g., prizes, trophies).
  • Personality Types: Type A personality athletes are competitive and aggressive, whereas Type B personality athletes are more relaxed and less competitive.
  • Aggression: Aggression in sports can be either hostile (intent to harm) or instrumental (goal-oriented aggression used to achieve success).
  • Stress: Eustress can enhance performance, while distress negatively affects it.
  • Psychological Skills Training (PST): Techniques include visualization, relaxation, and self-talk to improve mental focus and performance.

By preparing these questions and topics, you’ll be able to strengthen your understanding of Psychology and Sports for your CBSE Class 12 Physical Education exam.


Physical Education Class 12 Notes And Important Questions CBSE


    Full PYQ of Class 12:- LearnCBSE

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